Building block and wall form



Dec. 13, 1932. SKQLNIK 1,890,532

BUILDING BLOCK AND WALL FORM Filed June 8. 1931 visible on the outer face of the wall.

Patented Dec. 13, 1932 UNITE-D STATES PATENT OFFICE MAX SK OLNIK, :OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO INSOLO HOLDING COMPANY, A.

f- CORPQRATION OF-MINNESOTA IBUILDING IBLOCK AND WALL FORM Application filed June 8,1931. Serial No. 542,816.

This invention relates to building blocks adapted to be used in the construction of walls and wall forms and to serve as a permanent and ornamental facing for concrete walls and the like. 1

The main object of my invention is to provide a convenient, inexpensive, light wel ht facing block and form for a wall, which ecomes an integral part of the wall; and further, to provide simple means for holdin the facing blocks or forms in a fixed, space horizontal relationship and in a fixed vertical relation to each other; to provide spacing means which become set in the wall filling material and serve to reinforce the wall; to provide spacing means which permit the con- 'struction of a wall of any desired width and holders for the spacing means which are not Further objects are to provide facing blocks having the outer surface formed to represent any type of building material or formed with a corrugated or roughened surface to retain a direct application of material such as stucco or plaster; to provide facing blocks having resistance and tenacityto withstand shipment and constructional handling without breakage; and to provide facing blocks made from cheap fibrous organic material that are water-proof and fire-resistant.

A specific embodiment of this invention is shown in the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a side viewof a facing block.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the same.

Fig. 3 is an end view of the two blocks, showing the spacing and securing means.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the inner side of a wall facing, showing the method of interlocking the facing blocks.

in the form shown the facing or building block 5 is provided with four bosses 6 arranged on one side of the block and parallel to the short side. Each of the bosses 6 is provided with a longitudinal hole 7,. into which one leg of the spacing and securing means 8 may be inserted.

As shown in Fig. 3, the spacer 8 is preferably made with legs extending below the block 5 a distance of at least one half the tance equal to one half the length of a block,

and the spacer members 8 are inserted in the holes of alternate bosses so that the vertical leg of each spacer will pass entirely through the boss of one block and half way through a boss of the next block below, the opposite leg of the spacer 8 being passed through correspondingbosses in the blocks of the opposite facing.

Wall forms made in the manner described may be assembled in position or they may be assembled as units in some convenient place, andmoved to their final position after they have been filled with insulating material or concrete. The interlocking feature of the blocks prevents them from becoming loose or the wa l falling apart.

The type of surface provided on the outer face of the blocks will depend upon the architectural design of the building in which they are to be used. It is intended that the surface design be made to represent any type of structural material desired, such as face brick, tile, terra cotta, limestone, granite, stucco or the like or the surface may be merely roughened or corrugated to receive and retain a coating or plaster or some such adhesive covering.

An important feature of this type of wall construction lies in its adaptability to be used in any type of building. In small structures wherein wall strength is not such an important feature, the space between the facings may be left unfilled, or may be filled with any insu ating material that can be poured or blown in, thus making a wall having extraordinary heat and sound insulating properties. Or, in large structures where wall strength is necessary, the space between the blocks described herein be made by my 29 sess high heat and sound insulating properfacin may be filled with'concrete or the like w ich can be poured in, the facings makan amply strong wall form. lt is intended that the buildin or facing rom chea fibrous organic material, such as straw an the like and according to the rocess covered 'latent N o. 1 760,446, issued May 27, 1930. However, I stricted to that type of material or to that process of manufacture.

The advantages of building blocks made from fibrous organic mater al are many, and apply particularly to building blocks used as wall facings or forms. Such blocks are strong and resilient and withstand rough handling during shipment and building construction much more readily than do blocks made from cement or ceramic material. Such blocks are also light in weight and posties, and, when used with a concrete fill, they provide a wall that needs no further treatment either for insulation or finish.

I Blocks made from fibrous organic materials are treated durin the course of their manufacture to make t em water-proof and fire-resistant. Also, the outer face of the block may be colored or treated to su1t any architectural design. When the blocks are to be used underground they are given further treatment to make them not only 1mervious to water, but also resistant to chemical or electrolytic action from the soil.

Although but one specific embodiment of this invention has been herein shown and described, it will be understood that numerous details of the construction shown may be altered or omitted without departin from the a with certain blocks of the other side of said fi spirit of this invention as defined lowing claims.

I claim:

1. A wall form, comprising a plurality of buildin blocks arranged to form sides of said wa form, a. lurality of spaced bosses on each of said b ocks each havin a hole therethrou h parallel to the face of t e block, the ends 0 said bosses being spaced from respective edges of the block, means engaging certain holes to hold certain blocks of one side of said wall form in spaced relationship y the folwall form, and other means enga ing other holes to tie together adjacent bloc of a respective side of said wall form, said blocks being arranged as facings for a wall.

2. A wall form,-comp rising a plurality of I buildingblocks arranged in parallel rows,

each row having a plurality of tiers of said blocks, a' lurahty of bosses on each of said blocks, ea h having a longitudinal hole therein, means coactin with the holes in said bosses to hold the bloc relationship with the blocks of another row,

" said means being arranged to tie the blocks donot intend to be re-' of one row in spaced meats:

of each tier 'to theblocks of an adjacent tier, and said blocks being adapted to remain a permanent art of a wall.

3. A wa form adaptedto retain 'a filling of concrete or other structural material, comprisin a plurality of building blocks arrange to form parallel sides of said wall form, each side having a plurality of tiers of said blocks, a plurality of bosses on one side of each of said. blocks, each having a hole therein, and means coacting with the holes in said bosses to hold the blocks of one side of said wall form in spaced relationship with the blocks of the other side of said wallform, said means being arranged to extend through certain bosses of the blocks of one tier and into certain ,bosses of the blocks of an adjacent tier, said blocks being adapted to remain a permanent art of a wall.

4. A wall orm adapted to retain a filling of concreteor other structural material, comprisin a plurality of building blocks made rom brous or anic material, said blocks bein laid in hor1zontal tiers to form parallel si es of said wall form, a plurality of bosses on one side of each of 'said blocks arranged osses having a longitudinal hole therein,

means coacting with the holes in said bosses to hold said locks in spaced relationshi withthe blocks of the opposite side of sai wall form, said means being arranged to extend through certain bosses of the blocks of one tier an of an adjacent tier, said blocks being treated to make them water-proof and fire-resistant, and being adapted to remain a permanent, part of a wall. v

5. A'wall, comprising parallel facings in fixed spaced relationship, a plurality of buildingblocks arranged to form said facings, a plurality of bosses on each of said blocks arranged parallel to one edge thereof, each of sai bosses having a hole therein, and means coactin with the holes in said bosses to hold the bloc s of one facing of said wall in fixed relationship with the blocks of the other facing of said wall, said means being arranged to extend through a boss of one block and into a boss of the next block below.

6. A wall, comprisin parallel facings in ed spaced relations ip, a plurality of pressed building blocks arranged to form said 'facin'gs', 'aplurality-of bosses on said blocks each having a hole therein, and means coactingwith certain of said bosses to hold said -blocksxandzsaid facings; in fixed relationship with each other, .said means being arranged torexte'nd through a "boss-'of'one into certain bosses of the blocks having a longitudinal hole therein, means coacting with the holes in said bosses to hold the blocks of one row in spaced relationship with the blocks of another row, said means being arranged to tie the blocks of each tier to the blocksof an adjacent tier, and a shaped surface'on said blocks on the side opposite said bosses.

8. A wall form adapted to retain a filling '10 of concrete or other structural material, comprising a plurality of molded building blocks arranged to form parallel sides of said wall form, each side having a plurality of tiers of said blocks, a plurality of bosses on one side of each of said blocks, each having a hole therein, means coacting with the holes in said bosses to hold the blocks of one side of said wall form in spaced relationship with the blocks of the other side of said wall form, said means being arranged to extend through certain bosses of the blocks of one tier and into certain bosses of the blocks of an adjacent tier, and a shaped'surface on said blocks on the side opposite said bosses, said blocks being adapted to remain a permanent part of a wall.

9. A wall, comprising parallel facings in fixed spaced relationship, a plurality of building blocks made of fibrous organic material and arranged to form said facings, a pinrality of bosses on said blocks each having a hole therein, and means coacting with certain of said bosses to hold said blocks and said facings in fixed relationship with each other, said means being arranged to extend through a boss of one block and into a boss of the next block below.

10. A wall, comprising parallel facings in fixed spaced relationship, a plurality of building blocks made of fibrous organic material and arranged to form said facings, a plurality of bosses on said blocks each having a hole therein, and means coacting with certain of said bosses to hold said blocks and said fac ings in fixed relationship with each other, said means being arranged to extend through a boss of one block and into-a boss of the next block below, said blocks having a shaped surface on the side opposite said bosses.

v Signed at Chicago in the county of Cook and State of Illinois this 4th day of June, 1931. MAX SKOLNIK. 

